Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X9323
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

First report of harmful Microcystis sp. and microcystin in two tributaries of Paraná River in Misiones, Argentina

Primeiro registro de Microcystis sp. nociva e microcistina em dois afluentes do Rio Paraná em Misiones, Argentina

María de los Angeles Kolman; María Laura Miño; Isaias Emanuel Kunz; Pedro Dario Zapata

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X9323 Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online), vol.36, e26, 2024
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Abstract

Aim: Characterize cyanobacterial accumulations detected for the first time from November 2020 to February 2022 along the coastal zone of the Paraná River and in the Zaimán and Mártires streams in Posadas (Misiones, Argentina), by identifying the dominant species, determining their potential toxicity, and monitoring their progression using satellite images.

Methods: This work analyzes the presence of cyanobacteria by optical microscopy, the production of microcystin (MCY) by molecular and analytical methods, and the detection of these cyanobacterial accumulations by satellite image analysis.

Results: Optical microscopy analysis revealed the presence of Microcystis spp. colonies in all collected samples and Dolichospermum sp. in the Mártires stream. Using PCR amplification of a conserved region of the mcyE gene we confirmed the presence of MCY-encoding genes in all samples and MCY in the Zaimán stream using UPLC MS/MS analysis. Complementary satellite image analysis showed blooms in the Zaimán and Mártires streams were detectable during all the sampling periods. The presence of Microcystis spp., and MCY could affect the population, as well as the flora and fauna in the streams and the ecosystems along the Paraná River basin.

Conclusions: In this study, we successfully characterized cyanobacterial accumulations along the Paraná River coast and in the Zaimán and Mártires streams, revealing the presence of Microcystis spp. colonies and MCY-encoding genes, with potential implications for local populations and ecosystems.

Keywords

cyanobacterial bloom; Paraná River basin; water quality

Resumo

Objetivo: Caracterizar o acúmulo de cianobactérias detectadas pela primeira vez de novembro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2022 ao longo da zona costeira do rio Paraná e nos riachos Zaimán e Mártires em Posadas (Misiones, Argentina). Espécies dominantes e seu potencial de toxicidade foram identificadas e sua progressão foram monitoradas usando imagens de satélite.

Métodos: Este trabalho analisa a presença de cianobactérias por microscopia óptica, a produção de microcistina (MCY) por métodos moleculares e analíticos e a detecção dessas acumulações de cianobactérias por análise de imagens de satélite.

Resultados: A análise de microscopia óptica revelou a presença de colônias de Microcystis spp. e Dolichospermum sp. em amostras coletadas no riacho Mártires. Utilizando amplificação por PCR de uma região conservada do gene mcyE, confirmamos a presença de genes codificadores de MCY e de MCY no Zaimán usando análise UPLC MS/MS. A análise complementar de imagens de satélite mostrou que as florações nos riachos Zaimán e Mártires foram detectáveis durante todos os períodos de amostragem. A presença de Microcystis spp. e MCY poderia afetar a população, bem como a flora e a fauna dos riachos e ecossistemas ao longo da bacia do rio Paraná.

Conclusões: Neste estudo, foram caracterizadas com sucesso o acúmulo de cianobactérias ao longo da costa do Rio Paraná e nos riachos Zaimán e Mártires, revelando a presença de colônias de Microcystis spp. e genes que codificam MCY com potenciais implicações para as populações locais e os ecossistemas.

Palavras-chave

floração de cianobactérias; bacia do Rio Paraná; qualidade da água

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Submitted date:
10/19/2023

Accepted date:
06/05/2024

Publication date:
08/12/2024

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