Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X6125
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Primary productivity drives temporal beta diversity of zooplankton communities in urban lakes

A produtividade primária determina a diversidade beta temporal em comunidades zooplanctônicas de lagos urbanos

Natalia da Silva Pereira; Danielle Goeldner Pereira; Sarah Souza Maia; Ligia Pereira Borges de Mesquita; João Vitor Fonseca da Silva; Jascieli Carla Bortolini; Priscilla Carvalho

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X6125 Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online), vol.38, e19, 2026
PDF
Downloads: 0
Views: 133

Abstract

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal beta diversity of zooplankton communities in urban lakes in two distinct seasonal periods and to associate this diversity with environmental variability and primary productivity.

Methods: We sampled 14 urban lakes in Goiânia (Goiás state, Brazil) in February (rainy season) and September (dry season) 2023. Water samples were collected in each lake, to analyze phosphate and nitrogen nutrients. Furthermore, some limnological variables were obtained in the field. The zooplankton community was collected by filtering 200 liters of water through a 68 µm mesh and subsequent identification in the laboratory using a microscope.

Results: We identified 110 taxa, with the greatest richness of rotifers and testate amoebae. The temporal beta diversity (TBI) varied between 0.46 and 0.78 and was not correlated with the temporal variability of the abiotic factors. On the other hand, TBI was negatively associated with mean chlorophyll-a concentration (proxy of primary productivity).

Conclusions: In these urban lakes, high-productivity environments (e.g., eutrophic systems) promote biological homogeneity. We recommend that future studies incorporate additional variables to better understand environmental variability in urban lakes, as well as extend research over longer time scales.

Keywords

TBI; seasonality; community structure

Resumo

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a diversidade beta temporal das comunidades zooplanctônicas em lagoas urbanas em dois períodos sazonais distintos e associar essa diversidade com a variação ambiental e com a produtividade primária.

Métodos: Nossa coleta foi realizada em 14 lagoas urbanas em Goiânia (Goiás, Brasil) em fevereiro (período de chuva) e setembro (período de seca) de 2023. Em cada lagoa alguns parâmetros limnológicos foram obtidos em campo e amostras de água foram levadas para o laboratório para posterior análise dos nutrientes fosfatados e nitrogenados. A comunidade zooplanctônica foi obtida em cada lagoa através da filtragem de 200 litros de água em uma rede de 68 µm de abertura de malha e posterior identificação no laboratório utilizando microscópio.

Resultados: No total, 110 táxons foram identificados, com predominância da maior riqueza de rotíferos e tecamebas. A análise da diversidade beta temporal (TBI) variou entre 0,46 e 0,78 e tais valores não foram correlacionados com a variação temporal dos fatores abióticos estudados. Por outro lado, a diversidade beta temporal foi negativamente explicada pela concentração média de clorofila-a (medida indireta da produtividade primária).

Conclusões: Nestas lagoas urbanas, ambientes com alta produtividade primária (por exemplo, sistemas eutróficos) promoveram homogeneidade biológica. Recomendamos que estudos futuros incorporem variáveis adicionais para uma compreensão mais abrangente da variabilidade ambiental em lagoas urbanas, além de considerar escalas temporais mais extensas.

Palavras-chave

TBI; sazonalidade; estrutura das comunidades

Referencias

Allan, J.D., 1976. Life history patterns in zooplankton. Am. Nat., 110(971), 165-180. https://doi.org/10.1086/283056.

Alves, G.M., Velho, L.F.M., Simões, N.R., & Lansac-Tôha, F.A., 2010. Biodiversity of testate amoebae (Arcellinida and Euglyphida) in different habitats of a lake in the Upper Paraná River floodplain. Eur. J. Protistol., 46(4), 310-318. PMid:20869856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2010.07.001.

Anderson, M.J., 2001. A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecol. 26(1), 32-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2001.01070.pp.x.

Anderson, M.J., Crist, T.O., Chase, J.M., Vellend, M., Inouye, B.D., Freestone, A.L., Sanders, N.J., Cornell, H.V., Comita, L.S., Davies, K.F., Harrison, S.P., Kraft, N.J., Stegen, J.C., & Swenson, N.G., 2011. Navigating the multiple meanings of β diversity: A roadmap for the practicing ecologist. Ecol. Lett., 14(1), 19-28. PMid:21070562. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01552.x.

APHA, 2005. Standard methods for the examination of water and wasterwater. Washington: Byrd Prepress Springfield, 21st ed.

Araújo, A.P., & Nogueira, E.M.S., 2016. Zooplâncton como bioindicador das águas do reservatório natural do povoado Olhos d’água do Souza, Glória, Bahia, Brasil. Rev. Ouricuri., 6(2), 001-016. https://doi.org/10.59360/ouricuri.vol6.i2.a3168.

Baselga, A., 2010. Partitioning the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr., 19(1), 134-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00490.x.

Baselga, A., 2012. The relationship between species replacement, dissimilarity derived from nestedness, and nestedness. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr., 21(12), 1223-1232. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2011.00756.x.

Bini, L.M., Landeiro, V.L., Padial, A.A., Siqueira, T., & Heino, J., 2014. Nutrient enrichment is related to two facets of beta diversity for stream invertebrates across the United States. Ecology 95(6), 1569-1578. PMid:25039221. https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0656.1.

Bonecker, C.C., Simões, N.R., Minte-Vera, C.V., Lansac-Tôha, F.A., Velho, L.F.M., & Agostinho, A.A., 2013. Temporal changes in zooplankton species diversity in response to environmental changes in an alluvial valley. Limnologica 43(2), 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2012.07.007.

Bottrell, H.H., Duncan, A., Gliwicz, Z.M., Grygierek, E., Herzig, A., Hillbricht-Ilkowska, A., Kurasawa, H., Larsson, P., & Weglenska, T., 1976. A review of some problems in zooplankton production studies. Nor. J. Zool., 24, 419-456.

Chase, J.M., 2007. Drought mediates the importance of stochastic community assembly. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104(44), 17430-17434. PMid:17942690. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0704350104.

Chase, J.M., 2010. Stochastic community assembly causes higher biodiversity in more productive environments. Science 328(5984), 1388-1391. PMid:20508088. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1187820.

Choi, J.Y., Kim, J.C., & Kim, S.K., 2020. Changing distributions of zooplankton communities in a coastal lagoon in response to rainfall seasonality. J. Coast. Res., 102(sp1), 69-74. https://doi.org/10.2112/SI102-009.1.

Costa, H.C., Marcuzzo, F.F.N., Ferreira, O.M., & Andrade, L.R., 2012. Espacialização e sazonalidade da precipitação pluviométrica do Estado de Goiás e Distrito Federal. Rev. Bras. Geogr. Fis., 5(1), 87-100. https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v5i1.232785.

Cribari-Neto, F., & Zeileis, A., 2010. Beta Regression in R. J. Stat. Softw., 34(2), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v034.i02.

Dray, S., Bauman, D., Blanchet, G., Borcard, D., Clappe, S., Guénard, G., Jombart, T., Larocque, G., Legendre, P., Madi, N., Wagner, H.H., Siberchicot, A., & Chambers, J., 2019. adespatial: Multivariate multiscale spatial analysis. R package version 0.3-3 [online]. Retrieved in 2025, August 12, from https://cran.r-project.org/package=adespatial

Edmondson, W.T., Comita, G.W., & Anderson, G.C., 1962. Reproductive rate of copepods in nature and its relation to phytoplankton population. Ecology 43(4), 625-634. https://doi.org/10.2307/1933452.

Geminiano, M.M., Soares, A., & Pinto, A.L., 2021. Influência do uso da terra nos parâmetros da qualidade das águas superficiais do monumento das lagoas urbanas da cidade de Três Lagoas/MS no inverno de 2019. Geosul 36(78), 558-581. https://doi.org/10.5007/2177-5230.2021.e71717.

Golterman, H.L., Clymo, R.S., & Ohnstad, M.A.M., 1978. Methods for physical and chemical analysis of freshwater. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 214 p.

Green, J., 1972. Freshwater ecology in the Mato Grosso, Central Brazil: III. Associations of Rotifera in meander lakes of the Rio Suiá Missú. J. Nat. Hist., 6(2), 229-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937200770221.

Hasan, S.S., Zhen, L., Miah, M.G., Ahamed, T., & Samie, A., 2020. Impact of land use change on ecosystem services: a review. Environ. Dev., 34, 100527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2020.100527.

Heino, J., Grönroos, M., Ilmonen, J., Karhu, T., Niva, M., & Paasivirta, L., 2013. Environmental heterogeneity and β diversity of stream macroinvertebrate communities at intermediate spatial scales. Freshw. Sci., 32(1), 142-154. https://doi.org/10.1899/12-083.1.

Jackson, D.A., 1993. Stopping rules in principal components analysis: a comparison of heuristical and statistical approaches. Ecology 74(8), 2201-2214. https://doi.org/10.2307/1939574.

Legendre, P., 2019. A temporal beta‐diversity index to identify sites that have changed in exceptional ways in space–time surveys. Ecol. Evol., 9(6), 3500-3514. PMid:30962908. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4984.

Legendre, P., & Gauthier, O., 2014. 2014. Statistical methods for temporal and space–time analysis of community composition data. Proc. Biol. Sci., 281(1778), 20132728. PMid:24430848. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2728.

Legendre, P., & Legendre, L., 2012. Numerical ecology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, vol. 24.

Li, F., Liu, X., Zhang, X., Zhao, D., Liu, H., Zhou, C., & Wang, R., 2017. Urban ecological infrastructure: an integrated network for ecosystem services and sustainable urban systems. J. Clean. Prod., 163, S12-S18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.079.

Lindholm, M., Alahuhta, J., Heino, J., & Toivonen, H., 2020. Temporal beta diversity of lake plants is determined by concomitant changes in environmental factors across decades. J. Ecol., 109(2), 819-832. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13508.

Lopes, P.M., Bini, L.M., Declerck, S.A., Farjalla, V.F., Vieira, L.C., Bonecker, C.C., Lansac-Tôha, F.A., Esteves, F.A., & Bozelli, R.L., 2014. Correlates of Zooplankton Beta Diversity in Tropical Lake Systems. PLoS One 9(10), e109581. PMid:25330034. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109581.

Martins, M.P.M., Soares, K.W.D.S., Carvalho, P., & Bortolini, J.C., 2024. Phytoplankton community diversity, dominance, and rarity: a case study of tropical urban lakes. Acta Limnol. Bras., 36, e1. https://doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x6123.

McKinney, M.L., 2008. Effects of urbanization on species richness: A review of plants and animals. Urban Ecosyst., 11(2), 161-176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-007-0045-4.

Neves, I.F., Rocha, O., Roche, K.F., & Pinto, A.A., 2003. Zooplankton community structure of two marginal lakes of the river Cuiabá (Mato Grosso, Brazil) with analysis of Rotifera and Cladocera diversity. Braz. J. Biol., 63(2), 329-343. PMid:14509855. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842003000200018.

Oertli, B., & Parris, K.M., 2019. Review: toward management of urban ponds for freshwater biodiversity. Ecosphere 10(7), e02810. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2810.

Oksanen, J., Blanchet, F.G., Friendly, M., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., McGlinn, D., & Wagner, H., 2022. Package “vegan.” Vienna: The Comprehensive R Archive Network.

Pereira, A.L.A., Carvalho, P., Granzotti, R.V., Vieira, L.C.G., & Bini, L.M., 2024. Temporal beta diversity increases with environmental variability in zooplankton floodplain communities. Limnology 25(1), 1-10. PMid:39840382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10201-023-00724-7.

Picapedra, P.H.S., Fernandes, C., & Lansac-Tôha, F.A., 2016. Zooplankton community in the Upper Parnaíba River (Northeastern, Brazil). Braz. J. Biol., 77(2), 402-412. PMid:27533733. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.20215.

R Core Team, 2024. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [online]. Retrieved in 2025, August 12, from https://www.r-project.org/

Robertson, B.A., & Hardy, E.R., 1984. Zooplankton of Amazonian lakes and rivers. In Sioli, H., ed. The Amazon: Limnology and landscape ecology of a mighty tropical river and its basin. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 337-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6542-3_13.

Sampaio, E.V., & López, C.M., 2000. Zooplankton community composition and some limnological aspects of an oxbow lake of the Paraopeba River, São Francisco River Basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol., 43(3), 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132000000300007.

Santos, J.F.D., Nascimento, J.R., & Simões, N.R., 2025. Effects of urban pollution on zooplankton diversity along the Almada River (Bahia, Brazil). Acta Limnol. Bras., 37, e103. https://doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x3224.

Serafim-Júnior, M., Perbiche-Neves, G., & Lansac-Tôha, F.A., 2019. An assessment of the factors determining rotifer assemblage in river-lake systems: the effects of seasonality and habitat. Zoologia 36, e24191. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e24191.

Shimadzu, H., Dornelas, M., & Magurran, A.E., 2015. Measuring temporal turnover in ecological communities. Methods Ecol. Evol., 6(12), 1384-1394. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12438.

Silva, C.O., Rangel Junior, A., Perbiche-Neves, G., Pinheiro, A.P., & Lacerda, S.R., 2020. Low zooplankton richness indicating adverse drought and eutrophication conditions in a reservoir in northeastern Brazil. Iheringia Ser. Zool., 110, e2020009. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020009.

Simões, N.R., Dias, J.D., Meerhoff, M., Lansac-Tôha, F.A., Bini, L.M., & Bonecker, C.C., 2022. Drivers of zooplankton beta diversity in natural shallow lakes and artificial reservoirs in the Neotropics. Hydrobiologia 849(17), 3705-3717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04825-9.

Teurlincx, S., Kuiper, J.J., Hoevenaar, E.C., Lurling, M., Brederveld, R.J., Veraart, A.J., Janssen, A.B.G., Mooij, W.M., & de Senerpont Domis, L.N., 2019. Towards restoring urban waters: understanding the main pressures. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain., 36, 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.10.011.

Thomaz, S.M., & Cunha, E.R.D., 2010. The role of macrophytes in habitat structuring in aquatic ecosystems: methods of measurement, causes and consequences on animal assemblages’ composition and biodiversity. Acta Limnol. Bras., 22(2), 218-236. https://doi.org/10.4322/actalb.02202011.

Vale, C.G., Arenas, F., Barreiro, R., & Piñeiro‐Corbeira, C., 2021. Understanding the local drivers of beta‐diversity patterns under climate change: The case of seaweed communities in Galicia, North West of the Iberian Peninsula. Divers. Distrib., 27(9), 1696-1705. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13361.

Vieira, L.C.G., Bini, L.M., Velho, L.F.M., & Mazao, G.R., 2007. Influence of spatial complexity on the density and diversity of periphytic rotifers, microcrustaceans and testate amoebae. Fundam. Appl. Limnol., 170(1), 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1127/1863-9135/2007/0170-0077.

Vilar, A.G., van Dam, H., van Loon, E.E., Vonk, J.A., van Der Geest, H.G., & Admiraal, W., 2014. Eutrophication decreases distance decay of similarity in diatom communities. Freshw. Biol., 59(7), 1522-1531. https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12363.

Yang, Y., Chen, H., Mamun Abdullah Al, M.A., Ndayishimiye, J.C., Yang, J.R., Isabwe, A., Luo, A., & Yang, J., 2022. Urbanization reduces resource use efficiency of phytoplankton community by altering the environment and decreasing biodiversity. J. Environ. Sci., 112, 140-151. PMid:34955197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2021.05.001.

Zeileis, A., Cribari-Neto, F., Gruen, B., Kosmidis, I., Simas, A.B., & Rocha, A.V., 2013. Betareg: Beta Regression [online]. Retrieved in 2025, August 12, from https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/betareg/index.html

Zorzal-Almeida, S., Bini, L.M., & Bicudo, D.C., 2017. Beta diversity of diatoms is driven by environmental heterogeneity, spatial extent and productivity. Hydrobiologia 800(1), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3117-3.
 

Submitted date:
12/08/2025

Accepted date:
13/05/2026

Publication date:
24/07/2026

6a63d3c0a953952ebb248516 alb Articles
Links & Downloads
2179-975X (Electrónico)
Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online) ©2026 Todos los derechos reservados sobre el contenido de este sitio web. Los artículos siguen sus propias licencias.

Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online)

Share this page
Page Sections