Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X5424
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Epilithic diatom distribution as a potential bioindicator of nutrient enrichment in naturally acidic, low-order tropical creeks

Distribuição de diatomáceas epilíticas como bioindicadoras do enriquecimento nutricional em riacho tropical naturalmente ácido e de baixa ordem

João Cláudio Cerqueira Viana; Fernando Ribeiro de Oliveira; Angélica Yohana Cardozo-Vargas; Eduardo Mendes da Silva; Doriedson Ferreira Gomes

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X5424 Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online), vol.38, e10, 2026
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Abstract

Aim: To investigate the influence of nutrients input from Mucugê city on the structure of diatom community from naturally acidic low-order, dystrophic creeks.

Methods: From three naturally acidic low-order, dystrophic creeks in Chapada Diamantina, Northeast Brazil, we sampled six sites in each river in which we randomly selected rocks to collect epilithic diatoms. Simultaneously, we measured water temperature, conductivity, pH, oxygen saturation, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon and silicate. We used a Principal Component Analysis to determine the ordination patterns of these environmental variables. We also assessed the relationships between the epilithic diatom communities and the environmental variables via a Canonical Correspondence Analysis.

Results: In two of these creeks, sewage inputs led to higher concentrations of phosphorus, nitrogen, and higher pH, which exerted a strong influence on the community structure of diatoms. Three species were shown to be highly tolerant to heavy organic pollution and eutrophication and even dominated the community in several sample sites influenced by sewage: (Gomphonema parvulum, Nitzschia palea var. debilis and Nitzschia palea var. palea).

Conclusions: We conclude that sewage discharges determined strong effects on diatom community structure. Our results underscore the need for studies on tropical creeks’ epilithic diatoms, magnifying the autecological knowledge of them and amplifying their usage as ecological integrity index in tropical regions.

Keywords

acidophilous diatoms; organic pollution; lotic systems; parks; Brazil

Resumo

Objetivo: Investigar a influência do aporte de nutrientes oriundos da cidade de Mucugê sobre a estrutura da comunidade de diatomáceas de riachos distróficos de baixa ordem naturalmente ácidos.

Métodos: De cada um desses riachos, amostramos seis locais, nos quais coletamos rochas aleatoriamente para amostrar diatomáceas epilíticas. Simultaneamente, medimos a temperatura da água, condutividade, pH, saturação de oxigênio, nitrogênio total, fósforo total, carbono orgânico dissolvido e silicato. Utilizamos uma Análise de Componentes Principais para determinar os padrões de ordenação dessas variáveis ambientais. Também avaliamos as relações entre as comunidades epilíticas de diatomáceas e as variáveis ambientais através de uma Análise de Correspondência Canônica.

Resultados: Em dois desses riachos, as entradas de esgoto levaram a maiores concentrações de fósforo, nitrogênio e pH mais elevado, o que exerceu forte influência na estrutura da comunidade de diatomáceas. Três espécies demonstraram ser altamente tolerantes à poluição orgânica e à eutrofização e até dominaram a comunidade em vários locais de amostragem influenciados por esgoto: (Gomphonema parvulum, Nitzschia palea var. debilis e Nitzschia palea var. palea).

Conclusões: As descargas de esgoto determinaram fortes efeitos na estrutura da comunidade de diatomáceas. Nossos resultados ressaltam a necessidade de aumentar os estudos sobre as diatomáceas epilíticas dos riachos tropicais, ampliando o conhecimento da autoecologia das espécies de diatomáceas e amplificando sua utilização como índice de integridade ecológica em regiões tropicais.

Palavras-chave

diatomáceas acidófilas; poluição orgânica; sistemas lóticos; parques; Brasil

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Submitted date:
05/29/2024

Accepted date:
04/13/2026

Publication date:
07/15/2026

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