Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X4621
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

The phytoplankton community as a descriptor of environmental variability: a case study in five reservoirs of the Paraná River basin

A comunidade fitoplanctônica como descritora da variabilidade ambiental: um estudo de caso em cinco reservatórios da bacia do alto rio Paraná

Matheus Vieira da Silva; Jascieli Carla Bortolini; Susicley Jati

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Abstract

Abstract:

Aim: We aimed to characterize the structure of the phytoplankton community and identify the main environmental factors driving the community in five reservoirs constructed in the region of the high Paraná River.

Methods: The phytoplankton and environmental variables were collected at the lacustrine region of the reservoir, between November 2013 and November 2014, with interval between collections ranged from 3 to 6 months. The richness and biomass of the phytoplankton community were measured as a response to the spatial and temporal environmental variability. Data from environmental variables was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling Analyzes (NMDS) were performed on the richness and biomass data of the phytoplankton community.

Results: We identified 80 taxa distributed in 11 taxonomic classes, from which Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyceae were best represented. We did not observe significant temporal variation for either environmental variables or attributes of the phytoplankton community, which may be related to the prolonged drought in this period in the Brazilian Southwest. Higher phytoplankton richness and biomass were found in the Três Irmãos (Tiete River), reservoir located in the most anthropized basin in the country. Cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates dominated the biomass in all reservoirs during the studied period. The Ilha Solteira, Jupiá and Porto Primavera reservoirs showed a tendency to decrease in the values of phytoplankton richness and biomass, and the reservoirs built in series in the Paraná River probably have strong interdependence, according to the CRCC concept.

Conclusions: Spatial variation in phytoplankton attributes was influenced mainly by the position occupied by the reservoir in the hydrographic basin, water retention time (RT) and nutrient concentrations in each reservoir.
 

Keywords

community structure, cyanobacteria, Paraná River, reservoir, water retention time

Resumo

Resumo:

Objetivo: Objetivamos caracterizar a estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica e identificar os principais fatores ambientais que impulsionam a comunidade em cinco reservatórios construídos na região do alto rio Paraná.

Métodos: O fitoplâncton e as variáveis ambientais foram coletados na região lacustre do reservatório, entre novembro de 2013 e novembro de 2014, com intervalo entre as coletas de 3 a 6 meses. A riqueza e a biomassa da comunidade fitoplanctônica foram utilizadas como resposta à variabilidade ambiental espacial e temporal dos reservatórios. Os dados das variáveis ambientais foram analisados por meio de uma Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA). Foram realizadas Análises de Escalonamento Multidimensional Não-Métrico (NMDS) aos dados de riqueza e biomassa da comunidade fitoplanctônica.

Resultados: Identificamos 80 táxons distribuídos em 11 classes, dos quais Cyanobacteria e Chlorophyceae foram os mais representados. Não observamos variação temporal significativa para variáveis ambientais ou atributos da comunidade fitoplanctônica, o que pode estar relacionado à prolongada estiagem neste período no sudeste brasileiro. Os maiores valores de riqueza e biomassa fitoplanctônica foram encontradas em Três Irmãos (Rio Tietê), reservatório localizado na bacia mais antropizada do país. Cianobactérias e dinoflagelados dominaram a biomassa em todos os reservatórios durante o período estudado. Os reservatórios de Ilha Solteira, Jupiá e Porto Primavera apresentaram tendência de diminuição nos valores de riqueza e biomassa fitoplanctônica, sendo que os reservatórios construídos em série no rio Paraná provavelmente possuem forte interdependência, de acordo com o conceito do CRCC.

Conclusões: A variação espacial dos atributos fitoplanctônicos foi influenciada principalmente pela posição ocupada pelo reservatório na bacia hidrográfica, tempo de retenção de água (TR) e concentrações de nutrientes em cada reservatório.
 

Palavras-chave

estrutura da comunidade, cyanobacteria, Rio Paraná, reservatório, tempo de retenção da água

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Submitted date:
07/15/2021

Accepted date:
11/12/2021

Publication date:
04/28/2022

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