Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X10123
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Artigo Original

Fish community composition differs in rural and urban Neotropical streams

Composição da comunidade de peixes difere em riachos neotropicais rurais e urbanos

Eduarda Samantha Ribeiro; Tatiane Mantovano; Dyego Leonardo Ferraz Caetano; Luana Gabriela Marques da Silva; Leandro da Silva; Thiago Rodrigues Barbosa; Fernando Emmanuel Gonçalves Vieira

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Abstract

Abstract:: Aquatic ecosystems have a great diversity of habitats, including streams that are of extreme ecological and economic importance but have undergone impacts, such as the input of domestic and industrial waste and deforestation of riparian forest. However, few studies have been carried out on the diversity, specifically beta diversity, of fish assemblages in urban and rural streams.

Aim: In this context, the objective of this work was to verify if there are differences in fish assemblage structure between urban and rural streams, with focus on beta diversity.

Methods: We selected 12 streams, 6 urban and 6 rural, located in the municipalities of Ourinhos (SP) and Jacarezinho (PR) in the Paranapanema river basin. Fishes were collected using a sieve. Concomitantly water quality variables were also measured, such as temperature, pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids. To assess whether fish beta diversity differed between streams, a dispersion homogeneity test (Permutational Analysis of Multivariate Dispersions) was calculated.

Results: Significant differences were observed in conductivity and total dissolved solids, both with higher values for urban streams. In urban streams, 12 species of fish were identified, five of which were exclusive, while in rural streams, 18 species were recorded, ten of which were exclusive. Furthermore, both composition and beta diversity were significantly different between rural and urban streams, with the highest values recorded in rural streams.

Conclusions: This study provides evidence of how urbanization impacts the composition and beta diversity of fish in streams and highlights the importance of sustainable management such as effluent control, restoration of riparian vegetation, and the determination of protection areas.

Keywords

diversity, aquatic ecosystems, urbanization, Teleostei

Resumo

Resumo:: Os ecossistemas aquáticos têm uma grande diversidade de habitats, incluindo riachos de extrema importância ecológica e econômica, mas que sofreram impactos, como a entrada de resíduos domésticos e industriais e o desmatamento da mata ciliar. No entanto, poucos estudos foram realizados sobre a diversidade, especificamente a diversidade beta, de grupos de peixes em córregos urbanos e rurais.

Objetivo: Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se há diferenças significativas nos padrões de diversidade beta em assembleias de peixes de córregos urbanos e rurais.

Métodos: Foram selecionados 12 riachos, 6 urbanos e 6 rurais, localizados nos municípios de Ourinhos (SP) e Jacarezinho (PR), na bacia do rio Paranapanema. Os peixes foram coletados por meio de uma peneira. Concomitantemente, também foram medidas as variáveis de qualidade da água, como temperatura, pH, condutividade e sólidos totais dissolvidos. Para avaliar se há variação na composição entre os riachos, foi calculada a Permidisp.

Resultados: Foram observadas diferenças significativas na condutividade e no total de sólidos dissolvidos, ambos com valores mais altos para os córregos urbanos. Foram observadas diferenças significativas em relação à composição de peixes entre trechos de córregos urbanos e rurais, bem como para a diversidade beta, com os valores mais altos sendo encontrados em córregos rurais.

Conclusões: A composição de peixes difere entre os riachos rurais e urbanos. A diversidade beta dos riachos rurais é significativamente diferente e maior do que a dos urbanos, o que nos permite inferir que eles estão melhor preservados. Esses resultados podem funcionar como uma ferramenta eficaz para medidas de gestão, como controle de efluentes e restauração da vegetação ribeirinha e determinação de áreas de proteção para córregos urbanos.
 

Palavras-chave

diversidade, ecossistemas aquáticos, urbanização, Teleostei

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Submetido em:
26/11/2023

Aceito em:
11/04/2025

Publicado em:
19/06/2025

68545616a95395466b018a87 alb Articles
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Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online)

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