Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X9820
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Feeding ecology of Eigenmannia desantanai (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) in southern Pantanal, Brazil

Ecologia alimentar de Eigenmannia desantanai (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) no Pantanal Sul, Brasil

Élida Jeronimo Gouveia; Patrícia Luna Rondon; Yzel Rondon Súarez

Downloads: 0
Views: 1172

Abstract

Abstract:

Aim: This study investigated changes in the dietary composition and trophic niche breadth of Eigenmannia desantanai in the context of hydrological periods, rivers, and ontogeny.

Methods: Collections were performed monthly on the Paraguay and Amonguijá Rivers between February 2009 and January 2011.

Results: A total of 338 specimens of E. desantanai were collected, 224 of which came from the Amonguijá River and 114 from the Paraguay River. In all, 21 food items were identified. Fully remains of digested animals (RDA), Chironomidae, Cladocera, and Ostracoda showed greater importance in the diet of E. desantanai. Dietary composition was influenced by hydrological periods, followed by differences between sampled rivers, and ontogeny. In contrast, only hydrological periods explained variation in the E. desantanai trophic niche breadth.

Conclusions: The diet of E. desantanai is mainly composed of Chironomidae, Cladocera, and Ostracoda; however, individuals consumed other food items owing to changes in hydrological periods, followed by characteristics of the Amonguijá and Paraguay Rivers and ontogenetic variation. In this respect, the results of this study are germane to the food ecology of E. desantanai, providing guidelines for the management and conservation of the species.
 

Keywords

diet, tuvira, floodplain, Paraguay River, Amonguijá River

Resumo

Resumo:

Objetivo: O estudo buscou investigar se as mudanças na composição da dieta e na amplitude de nicho trófico de Eigenmannia desantanai podem ser explicadas pelos períodos hidrológicos, rios e/ou ontogenia dos peixes.

Métodos: As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente nos rios Paraguai e Amonguijá, entre Fevereiro de 2009 a Janeiro de 2011.

Resultados: Foram coletados 338 exemplares de E. desantanai, sendo 224 do Rio Amonguijá e 114 do Rio Paraguai. Ao todo, foram identificados 21 itens alimentares. Restos de animais digeridos (RAD), Chironomidae, Cladocera e Ostracoda apresentaram maior importância na dieta de E. desantanai. A composição da dieta foi influenciada pelos períodos hidrológicos, seguida pelas diferenças dos rios amostrados e da ontogenia. Em contrapartida, apenas os períodos hidrológicos explicaram a variação na amplitude do nicho trófico de E. desantanai.

Conclusões: A dieta de E. desantanai é composta principalmente por Chironomidae, Cladocera e Ostracoda, no entanto, os indivíduos consumiram outros alimentos devido às mudanças dos períodos hidrológicos, seguida das características dos rios Amonguijá e Paraguai e da variação ontogenética. Neste contexto, os resultados deste estudo são pertinentes à ecologia alimentar de E. desantanai, fornecendo diretrizes para o manejo e conservação da espécie.
 

Palavras-chave

dieta, tuvira, planície de inundação, Rio Paraguai, Rio Amonguijá

Referências

<jrn10Abelha, M.C.F., Agostinho, A.A., & Goulart, E., 2001. Plasticidade trófica em peixes de água doce. Acta Sci Biol Sci. 23(2), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v23i0.2696.

Baker, M.E., & King, R.S., 2010. A new method for detecting and interpreting biodiversity and ecological community thresholds. Methods Eco. Evol. 1(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2009.00007.x.

Baker, M.E., King, R.S. & Kahle, D., 2015. TITAN2: Threshold indicator taxa analysis. Version 2.4.1. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.

Barreto, S.B., Silva, A.T., Souza, F.B., & Jucá-Chagas, R., 2008. Diet of Hemigrammus marginatus (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Upper Contas River, Diamantina Plateau (Bahia, Brazil). Iheringia, Sér Zool. 108, e2018036. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2018036.

Brandão-Gonçalves, L., Oliveira, S.A., & Lima-Junior, S.E., 2010. Hábitos alimentares da ictiofauna do Córrego Franco, Mato Grosso do Sul. Biota Neotrop. Online 10(2), 21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032010000200001.

Brito, G.J.S., Lima, L.G., Oliveira, R.E.M.C.C., & Pessanha, A. 2019. Intraspecific food resource partitioning in Brazilian silverside Atherinella brasiliensis (Atheriniformes: Atherinopsidae) in a tropical estuary, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 17(2), e180108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20180108.

Cavalheiro, L.W., & Fialho, C.B., 2019. Ontogeny of feeding by Astyanax paris in streams of the Uruguay River Basin, Brazil. Anim. Biodivers. Conserv. 42(1), 1, 9-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32800/abc.2019.42.0009.

Corrêa, C.A., Albrecht, M.P., & Hahn, N.S., 2011. Patterns of niche breadth and feeding overlap of the fish fauna in the seasonal Brazilian Pantanal, Cuiabá River basin. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 9(3), 637-646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252011000300017.

Correa, S.B., & Winemiller, K.O., 2014. Niche partitioning among frugivorous fishes in response to fluctuating resources in the Amazonian floodplain forest. Ecology. 95(1), 210-224. PMid:24649660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0393.1.

Costa-Pereira, R., Tavares, L.E.R., Camargo, P.B., & Araújo, M.S., 2017. Seasonal population and individual niche dynamics in a tetra fish in the Pantanal wetlands. Biotropica 49(4), 531-538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/btp.12434.

Cunha, A.F., Wolff, L.L., & Hahn, N.S., 2018. Seasonal changes at population and individual levels in the diet of juvenile catfish in a Neotropical floodplain. J. Freshwat. Ecol. 33(1), 273-284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2018.1442371.

Dias, R.M., Silva, J.C.B., Gomes, L.C., & Agostinho, A.A., 2017b. Effects of macrophyte complexity and hydrometric level on fish assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain. Environ. Biol. Fishes 100(6), 703-716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0597-y.

Dias, T.S., Stein, R.J., & Fialho, C.B., 2017a. Ontogenetic variations and feeding habits of a Neotropical annual fish from southern Brazil. Iheringia. Zool. 107, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2017020.

Dill, L.M., 1983. Adaptive flexibility in the foraging behavior of fishes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40(4), 398-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f83-058.

Duarte, C., Magurran, A.E., Zuanon, J., & Deus, C.P., 2019. Trophic ecology of benthic fish assemblages in a lowland river in the Brazilian Amazon. Aquat. Ecol. 53(4), 707-718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-019-09720-5.

Dufrêne, M., & Legendre, P., 1997. Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecol. Monogr. 67(3), 345-366. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2963459.

Ferreira, F.S., Vicentin, W., Costa, F.E.S., & Súarez, Y.R., 2014. Trophic ecology of two piranha species, Pygocentrus nattereri and Serrasalmus marginatus (Characiformes, Characidae), in the floodplain of the Negro River. Pantanal. Acta Limnol. Bras. Online 26(4), 381-391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X2014000400006.

Gimenes, M.F., Fugi, R., Isaac, A., & Silva, M.R., 2013. Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic changes in food resource use by a piscivore fish in two Pantanal lagoons, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 11(1), 163-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252013000100019.

Giora, J., Fialho, C.B., & Dufech, A.P.S., 2005. Feeding habit of Eigenmannia trilineata Lopez & Castello, 1966 (Teleostei: Sternopygidae) of Parque Estadual de Itapuã, RS, Brazil. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 3(2), 291-298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252005000200007.

Grzybkowska, M., Dukowska, M., Leszczyńska, J., Lik, J., Szczerkowska-Majchrzak, E., & Przybylski, M., 2018. The food resources exploitation by small-sized fish in a riverine macrophyte habitat. Ecol. Indic. 90, 206-214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.02.021.

Hamilton, S.K., Sippel, S.J., Lewis Junior, W.M., & Saunders 3rd, J.F., 1990. Zooplankton abundance and evidence for its reduction by macrophyte mats in two Orinoco floodplain lakes. J. Plankton Res. 12(2), 345-363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/12.2.345.

Hynes, H.B.N., 1950. The food of Fresh-Water Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus and Pygosteus pungitius), with a review of methods used in studies of the food of fishes. J. Anim. Ecol. 19(1), 36-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1570.

Hyslop, E.J., 1980. Stomach contents analysis - a review of methods and their application. J. Fish Biol. 17(4), 411-429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1980.tb02775.x.

Junk, W., Bayley, P.B., & Sparks, R.E., 1989. The Flood Pulse Concept in River-Floodplain Systems. In: Proceedings of the International Large River Symposium (LARS). Ontario: Canada Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 110-127.

Kawakami, E., & Vazzoler, G., 1980. Método gráfico e estimativa de índice alimentar aplicado no estudo de alimentação de peixes. Bol. Inst. Oceanogr. 29(2), 205-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0373-55241980000200043.

MacArthur, R.H., & Pianka, E.R., 1966. On optimal use of a patchy environment. Am. Nat. 100(916), 603-609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/282454.

Mago-Leccia, F., 1994. Electric fishes of the continental waters of America. Caracas: Clemente Editores.

McCafferty, W.P. 1981. Aquatic entomology. Sudbury: Jones and Barlett.

Mugnai, R., Nessimian, J.L., & Batista, D.F., 2010. Manual de identificação de macroinvertebrados aquáticos do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Technical Book.

Oksanen, J., Blanchet, F.G., Friendly, M., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., Mcglinn, D., Minchin, P.R., O’hara, R.B., Simpson, G.L., Solymos, P., Stevens, M.H.H., Szoecs, E., & Wagner, H., 2016. Vegan: community ecology package. Version 2.4-1 [online]. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved in 2020, Set 14, from: http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan.

Pacheco, E.B., & Da-Silva, C.J., 2009. Fish associated with aquatic macrophytes in the Chacororé - Sinhá Mariana Lake system and Mutum River, Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Braz. J. Biol. 69(1), 101-108. PMid:19347151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842009000100012.

Peixoto, L.A.W., Dutra, G.M., & Wosiacki, W.B., 2015. The Electric Glass Knifefishes of the Eigenmannia trilineata species-group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae): monophyly and description of seven new species. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 175(2), 384-414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12274.

Pelicice, F.M., & Agostinho, A.A., 2006. Feeding ecology of fishes associated with Egeria spp. patches in a tropical reservoir, Brazil. Ecol. Freshwat. Fish 15(1), 10-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2005.00121.x.

Peretti, D., & Andrian, F., 1999. Feeding of Eigenmannia trilineata (Pisces, Sternopygidae) (Lopez & Castello, 1966), in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol. 42(1), 1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89131999000100011.

Quirino, B.A., Carniatto, N., Gaiotto, J.V., & Fugi, R., 2015. Seasonal variation in the use of food resources by small fishes inhabiting the littoral zone in a Neotropical floodplain lake. Aquat. Ecol. 49(4), 431-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-015-9535-2.

Quirino, B.A., Carniatto, N., Guglielmetti, R., & Fugi, R., 2017. Changes in diet and niche breadth of a small fish species in response to the flood pulse in a Neotropical floodplain lake. Limnologica 62, 126-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2016.10.005.

R Development Core Team, 2021. R: a language and environment for statistical computing [online]. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved in 2021, July 25, from http://www.R-project.org/

Resende, E.K., Pereira, R.A.C., Sório, V.F., & Galvão, E.M., 2006. Biologia da tuvira, Gymnotus cf. carapo (Pisces, Gymnotidae) no baixo Rio Negro, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Bol. Pesq. Desenvolv. Embrapa 67, 1-42.

Santos, C.L., Santos, I.A., & Silva, C.J., 2009. Ecologia trófica de peixes ocorrentes em bancos de macrófitas aquáticas na baia Caiçara, Pantanal Mato-Grossense. Rev. Bras. Biocienc. 7(4), 473-476.

Saulino, H.H.L., & Trivinho-Strixino, S., 2014. Macroinvertebrados aquáticos associados às raízes de Eichhornia azuera (Swarts) Kunth (Pontederiaceae) em uma lagoa marginal no Pantanal, MS. Biotemas 27(3), 65-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2014v27n3p65.

Scanferla, A.F.L.S., & Súarez, Y.R., 2016. Flood pulse are the main determinant of feeding dynamics and composition of Odontostilbe pequira (Characiformes: Characidae) in southern Pantanal, Brazil. Acta Limnol. Bras. Online 28, e19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x3316.

Silva, F.H., Favero, S., Sabino, J., & Garnés, S.J.A., 2009. Distribuição da entomofauna associada às macrófitas aquáticas na vazante do rio Correntoso, Pantanal do Negro, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Acta Sci. Biol. Sci. 31(2), 127-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v31i2.1182.

Silva, J.C., Gubiani, É.A., Neves, M.P., & Delariva, R.L., 2017. Coexisting small fish species in lotic neotropical environments: evidence of trophic niche differentiation. Aquat. Ecol. 51(2), 275-288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-017-9616-5.

Stehr, F.W. 1987. Immature Insects. Dubuque: Kendall Hunt Publishing.

Súarez, Y.R., Ferreira, F.S., & Tondato, K.K., 2013. Assemblage of fish species associated with aquatic macrophytes in Porto Murtinho Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 13(2), 182-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000200017.

Thomaz, S.M., & Cunha, E.R., 2010. The role of macrophytes in habitat structuring in aquatic ecosystems: methods of measurement, causes and consequences on animal assemblages’ composition and biodiversity. Acta Limnol. Bras. Online 22(2), 218-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/actalb.02202011.

Uieda, V.S., & Pinto, T.L.F., 2011. Feeding selectivity of ichthyofauna in a tropical stream: space-time variations in trophic plasticity. Community Ecol. 12(1), 31-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/ComEc.12.2011.1.5.

Ximenes, L.Q.L., Mateus, L.A.F., & Penha, J.M.F., 2011. Variação temporal e espacial na composição de guildas alimentares da ictiofauna em lagoas marginais do Rio Cuiabá, Pantanal Norte. Biota Neotrop. 11(1), 205-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032011000100022.

Zaret, T.M., & Rand, A.S., 1971. Competition in tropical stream fishes: support for the competitive exclusion principle. Ecology 52(2), 336-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1934593.
 


Submetido em:
19/10/2020

Aceito em:
25/11/2021

Publicado em:
28/04/2022

626a95f5a953953a5a15e6c4 alb Articles
Links & Downloads

Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online)

Share this page
Page Sections