Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X9519
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Zooplankton trajectory before, during and after a hydropower dam construction

Trajetória do zooplâncton antes, durante e depois da construção de uma barragem de hidroelétrica

Jaqueline Schmidt; Patrícia Dammski Borges de Andrade; André Andrian Padial

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Abstract

Abstract:: Aim: Understanding the impact of anthropogenic activities is central for supporting management and conservation efforts. In aquatic ecosystems, the construction of dams for hydroelectric power plants is a major environmental change that turns the riverine ecosystem into a reservoir lake. Such environmental deep alteration causes profound impacts in biota. The goal of this study is to make a comprehensive description of zooplankton trajectory following the construction of a reservoir in the transition from the hotspot Cerrado to Amazon, Central Brazil.

Methods: We used data sampled before, during and after the formation of the reservoir lake in 10 sampling units each period. We evaluated compositional changes, shifts in spatial organization, and a variation in beta-diversity from before to after the dam constructions using a set of multivariate analyses. We evaluated effects for Rotifers, Copepods and Cladocerans separately.

Results: Compositional changes were evident for all zooplankton groups: Rotifers, Copepods and Cladocerans. Besides, spatial community organization was also affected but depending on the beta-diversity facet and data resolution – mainly turnover using abundance data, except for Copepods. Finally, an increase in nestedness occurred for all groups during the formation of the reservoir lake.

Conclusions: In summary, our study showed the deep impacts for zooplankton that the formation of a reservoir lake causes. We innovate by making a complete assessment, which indicate clearly the complexity of evidencing impacts in aquatic communities. We also suggest that long-term monitoring should continue in reservoirs for scientific purposes. The changes in biota also make clear that the construction of dams should be accompanied by preservation of other pristine riverine ecosystems.

Keywords

metacommunity, beta-diversity, biotic homogenization, microcrustaceans, reservoirs, Anthropocene

Resumo

Resumo:: Objetivo: O entendimento do impacto de atividades antrópicas é essencial para subsidiar esforços de manejo e conservação. Em ecossistemas aquáticos, a construção de barragens para usinas hidroelétricas é uma das principais alterações ambientais que tornam o ecossistema fluvial em um reservatório. Tal alteração ambiental causa uma alteração profunda na biota. O objetivo desse estudo é fazer uma descrição completa da trajetória da comunidade zooplanctônica devido à construção de um reservatório na transição entre o hostpot brasileiro Cerrado e a Amazônia, no Brasil Central.

Métodos: Foram utilizados dados amostrados antes durante e depois da formação do lago do reservatório coletados em 10 pontos em cada um desses períodos. Foram avaliadas as mudanças composicionais, as alterações na organização especial e as variações da diversidade-beta entre antes e depois da construção do reservatório usando um conjunto de análises multivariadas. Efeitos em Rotíferos, Copépodos e Cladóceros foram avaliados separadamente.

Resultados: Mudanças na composição de espécies foram evidentes para todos os grupos zooplanctônicos: Rotíferos, Copépodos e Cladóceros. Além disso, a organização espacial das comunidades também foi afetada, dependendo da faceta de diversidade beta e da resolução numérica dos dados – principalmente turnover usando dados de abundância, exceto para Copépodos. Finalmente, houve aumento de aninhamento da comunidade durante o enchimento do reservatório para todos os grupos zooplanctônicos.

Conclusões: Em resumo, nosso estudo mostrou os impactos que a formação do lago de reservatórios causa na comunidade zooplanctônica. O estudo é inovador por fazer uma descrição completa, que claramente indica a complexidade em evidenciar impactos nas comunidades ecológicas aquáticas. Também se sugere que o monitoramento de longo prazo deve continuar em reservatórios para fins científicos. As mudanças na biota deixam claro que a construção de barragens deve ser acompanhada pela preservação de outros ecossistemas fluviais pristinos.
 

Palavras-chave

metacomunidade, diversidade-beta, homogeneização biótica, microcrustáceos, reservatórios, Antropoceno

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Submitted date:
10/24/2019

Accepted date:
04/14/2020

Publication date:
08/31/2020

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