Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X7821
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Acute toxicity of potentially toxic elements on ciliated protozoa from Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela)

Toxicidade aguda de elementos potencialmente tóxicos em protozoários ciliados do Lago de Maracaibo (Venezuela)

Julio César Marín-Leal; Neil José Rincón-Miquilena; Laugeny Chiquinquirá Díaz-Borrego; María Carolina Pire-Sierra

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Abstract

Abstract:: Aim: In this article the acute ecotoxicological effects of Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cd(II) and V(V) on ciliated protozoa isolated from Lake Maracaibo were evaluated, by estimating of the LC50 for an exposure time of 1-h and observations every 5 min.

Methods: Isolations and cultures of ciliated protozoa were made from surface water samples to then carry out toxicity essays under static and controlled conditions, identifying cell immobility (death) as the endpoint.

Results: The response of the ciliated protozoa made it possible to unequivocally determine the acute toxicity in presence of potentially toxic elements (PTE), with variable mortalities depending on the gender, the element tested and its concentration. The results obtained with Euplotes sp. indicate that protozoan is a sensitive biomonitor indicated for the biomonitoring of PTE contamination in Lake Maracaibo.

Conclusions: The use of shorter exposure periods offers opportunities to show early toxicity effects on natural populations and to act in a timely manner (early warning systems) in contamination events by PTEs, as well as the development of sensitive and rapid biomonitoring methods for detection of these elements in the environment.

Keywords

Euplotes sp., heavy metal, lethal concentration, short-term exposure, zooplankton

Resumo

Resumo:: Objetivo: Neste artigo, os efeitos ecotoxicológicos agudos de Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cd(II) e V(V) foram avaliados em protozoários ciliados isolados do Lago de Maracaibo, estimando o CL50 para um tempo de 1 h exposição e observações a cada 5 min.

Métodos: Isolamentos e culturas de protozoários ciliados foram feitos a partir de amostras de águas superficiais para então realizar testes de toxicidade em condições estáticas e controladas, identificando a imobilidade celular (morte) como critério de avaliação.

Resultados: A resposta dos protozoários ciliados permitiu determinar inequivocamente a toxicidade aguda na presença de elementos potencialmente tóxicos (EPT), com mortalidades variáveis ​​dependendo do gênero, do elemento testado e da sua concentração. Os resultados obtidos com Euplotes sp. indicam que o protozoário é um biomonitor sensível e indicado para o biomonitoramento de contaminação por EPT no Lago Maracaibo.

Conclusões: O uso de períodos de exposição mais curtos oferece oportunidades de mostrar os efeitos da toxicidade precoce em populações naturais e de atuar em tempo hábil (sistemas de alerta precoce) em eventos de contaminação de EPT, bem como o desenvolvimento de métodos de biomonitoramento sensíveis e rápidos para a detecção desses elementos no meio ambiente.
 

Palavras-chave

Euplotes sp., metal pesado, concentração letal, exposição de curto prazo, zooplâncton

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Submitted date:
12/13/2021

Accepted date:
08/16/2022

Publication date:
09/06/2022

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