Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X7819
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Gut content analysis confirms the feeding plasticity of a generalist fish species in a tropical river

Análise do conteúdo estomacal confirma a plasticidade alimentar de uma espécie de peixe generalista em um rio tropical

Igor David Costa; Ronaldo Angelini

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Abstract

Abstract:

Aim: In this paper, we compared the diet composition of the South American silver croaker, Plasgioscion squamosissimus in preserved and impacted areas (agrarian land use) of an Amazonian river. Our objective was to quantify the plasticity in diet across different habitats and evaluate the importance of a carnivorous generalist species as an environmental indicator based on its feeding variation.

Methods: We analysed the stomach contents of 135 individuals and compared the trophic level of P. squamosissimus and the source of ingested food items in the impacted and non-impacted habitats.

Results: The trophic level values in both areas were similar. In both areas, P. squamosissimus used a wide variety of food items, consuming mainly fish and invertebrates of autochthonous origin. However, in terms of composition of food items, small pelagic fish and autochthonous items were more frequently consumed in the preserved area, while in the impacted area fish and benthic invertebrates were predominant in the diet.

Conclusions: Our gut analysis suggests plasticity in P. squamosissimus diet across varying areas, which point to the ability of P. squamosissimus to modify their diet in the impacted situation, utilizing more benthic material on impacted area in order to maintain a similar trophic position.

Keywords

carnivorous, diet plasticity, trophic ecology, diet composition, Machado River (Brazil)

Resumo

Resumo:

Objetivo: Neste artigo, comparamos a composição da dieta da pescada branca Plasgioscion squamosissimus em áreas preservadas e impactadas (área agrária) de um rio amazônico, a fim de quantificar a plasticidade trófica em diferentes habitats e avaliar a importância de uma espécie carnívora generalista como um indicador ambiental baseado em sua variação alimentar.

Métodos: Analisamos o conteúdo estomacal de 135 indivíduos e comparamos o nível trófico de P. squamosissimus e a origem dos itens alimentares nos habitats impactados e preservados.

Resultados: Os valores do nível trófico em ambas as áreas foram semelhantes. Nas duas áreas, P. squamosissimus utilizou uma grande variedade de itens alimentares, consumindo principalmente peixes e invertebrados de origem autóctone. No entanto, em relação à composição dos itens alimentares, pequenos peixes pelágicos e itens autóctones foram consumidos com maior frequência na área preservada, enquanto na área impactada predominaram os peixes e invertebrados bentônicos na dieta.

Conclusões: Nossa análise intestinal sugere a plasticidade na dieta de P. squamosissimus em diferentes áreas, sendo útil apontar a capacidade de P. squamosissimus de modificar sua dieta na situação impactada, utilizando mais material bentônico na área impactada, a fim de manter uma posição trófica semelhante.
 

Palavras-chave

carnívoro, plasticidade alimentar, ecologia trófica, composição da dieta, rio Machado (Brasil)

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Submitted date:
09/16/2019

Accepted date:
07/07/2020

Publication date:
08/31/2020

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