Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X5922
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

From virus to igapó forest: a systematic review of 35 years monitoring of an Amazonian Lake impacted by bauxite tailings (Batata Lake)

Do vírus à floresta do igapó: uma revisão sistemática de 35 anos de monitoramento de um Lago Amazônico impactado por rejeitos de bauxita (Lago Batata)

Simone Jaqueline Cardoso; Reinaldo Luiz Bozelli; Fabio Roland; Francisco de Assis Esteves; Marcos Paulo Figueiredo Barros; Érica Pellegrini Caramaschi; João José Fonseca Leal; Nathália da Silva Resende; Enoque Gonçalves Ribeiro; Fabio Rubio Scarano; Vera Lúcia de Moraes Huszar

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Abstract

Abstract:: Aim: Long-term ecological research often integrates many research groups and subjects in one or few sites sampled systematically along the time. In the Amazon, there is a tradition of long-term research in terrestrial habitats, but this has been less common in floodplain lakes. This study systematically reviews 35 years of research (1988-2022) in Batata Lake, a clear water flood plain lake impacted by bauxite mining tailings for ten years (1979-1989) and discuss some research opportunities and challenges for the future.

Methods: The review covered 99 scientific reports (78 papers and 21 book chapters) comprising a large spectrum of data from snapshot observations and experiments to enduring quarterly observational and hypothesis-testing studies. Soil, sediments, and the water column were consistently sampled in natural and impacted areas.

Results: Research topics were quite diverse and covered biological communities from aquatic virus to igapó flooded forests and provided an overview of ecological processes such as primary and secondary production. Ecological variables monitored along the project were constrained by a strong seasonality of the flood pulse and the effect of sampling areas (natural and impacted), which was performed by very connected research groups.

Conclusions: Despite the extensive information, long-term ecosystem function trends are still incomplete.

Keywords

Amazon, Batata Lake, environmental mining impacts, floodplain lake, freshwater, long-term ecological project

Resumo

Resumo:: Objetivo: Pesquisas ecológicas de longa duração geralmente integram muitos grupos de pesquisa e assuntos variados. Essas pesquisas concentram-se em amostrar sistematicamente ao longo do tempo um ou poucos locais. Na Amazônia, muitas iniciativas foram realizadas para melhor entender as dinâmicas da floresta, mas poucos estudos de longa duração se dedicaram a compreender os lagos de inundação em escala de longo prazo. Neste estudo trazemos informações de pesquisas realizadas durante 35 anos (1988-2022) no Lago Batata, um lago amazônico de águas claras impactado por rejeitos de mineração de bauxita durante dez anos (1979-1989).

Métodos: Usando a abordagem de uma revisão sistemática da literatura 99 trabalhos (78 artigos e 21 capítulos de livros), nós encontramos que durante os anos de monitoramento, os esforços de amostragem variaram de algumas observações e experimentos pontuais a estudos trimestrais de observação e teste de hipóteses duradouros. Solo, sedimentos e coluna d'água foram amostrados consistentemente no lago como um todo e comparadas às áreas natural e impactada por rejeito de mineração.

Resultados: Os tópicos de pesquisa foram bastante diversos e abrangeram comunidades biológicas desde vírus aquáticos à floresta de igapó, os quais forneceram uma visão geral dos processos ecológicos locais como produção primária e produção secundária planctônica. A maioria das variáveis ecológicas monitoradas ao longo do projeto foram reguladas por uma forte sazonalidade exercida pelo pulso de inundação e pelos efeitos das áreas de amostragem (natural e impactada), e foram amostradas por grupos de pesquisa muito conectados.

Conclusões: Apesar da extensa informação sobre a estrutura e função do Lago Batata, tendências gerais sobre suas funções ecossistêmicas permanecem ainda incompletas.
 

Palavras-chave

Amazônia, Lago Batata, impactos ambientais de mineração, lago de inundação, água doce, projeto ecológico de longa duração

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Submitted date:
09/08/2023

Accepted date:
02/08/2023

Publication date:
03/09/2023

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