Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X5325
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Artigo Original

Environmental characterization and phytoplankton community structure in a shallow mesotrophic tropical reservoir in southeastern Brazil

Caracterização ambiental e estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica em um reservatório tropical raso e mesotrófico no sudeste do Brasil

Darah Danielle Pontes; Edna Ferreira Rosini; João Alexandre Saviolo Osti; Andréa Tucci

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X5325 Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online), vol.38, e6, 2026
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Abstract

Aim: The aim of the study was to characterize the temporal and spatial dynamics of the phytoplankton community structure using biomass (biovolume) data and biological indices.

Methods: This study was conducted in the Biritiba Mirim Reservoir, São Paulo State, Brazil. The reservoir is used to supply water to the São Paulo Metropolitan Region. Four sampling campaigns were carried out during two distinct seasons (rainy and dry) over one year, across ten sampling stations along the reservoir. In situ parameters were measured using a multiparameter probe. Water samples were collected from the subsurface of the water column for physicochemical variable determination and phytoplankton laboratory analysis. The phytoplankton community was characterized based on biovolume and diversity indices. Exploratory and correlation analyses were performed to identify patterns and potential relationships between environmental variables and changes in community structure.

Results: The reservoir was classified as mesotrophic in terms of trophic status. A total of 184 taxa were identified, distributed across 15 classes, with Chlorophyceae and Cyanobacteria being the most species-rich (42 and 29 taxa, respectively). During the dry season, longer water residence times and higher phytoplankton biomass were observed, correlating with increased nutrient concentrations. In the rainy season, shorter water residence times were recorded, with limnological variables significantly influencing phytoplankton community composition and distribution.

Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of considering both seasonality and hydrological dynamics in the management and conservation of aquatic ecosystems such as the Biritiba Mirim Reservoir.

Keywords

phytoplankton; water quality; reservoir; mesotrophic; seasonality

Resumo

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar a dinâmica temporal e espacial da estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica utilizando dados de biomassa (biovolume) e índices biológicos.

Métodos: Este estudo foi desenvolvido no reservatório Biritiba Mirim, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O reservatório é utilizado para abastecimento de água da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Foram realizadas quatro coletas em duas épocas distintas (chuva e seca) durante um ano, em dez estações de amostragem ao longo da extensão do reservatório. Em campo, foram mensurados parâmetros utilizando uma sonda multiparâmetros. Amostras de água foram coletadas na sub-superficie da coluna d’água para a determinação das variáveis físico-químicas e para a análise do fitoplâncton em laboratório. A caracterização da comunidade fitoplanctônica foi feita por meio do biovolume e pelos índices de diversidade. Análises exploratórias e de correlação foram realizadas para verificar padrões e possíveis relações entre as variáveis ambientais e mudança na estrutura da comunidade.

Resultados: O reservatório foi classificado, quanto à trofia, como mesotrófico. Foram identificados 184 táxons, distribuídos em 16 classes: Chlorophyceae e Cyanobacteria foram as classes com maior riqueza, sendo 42 e 29 táxons, respectivamente. Durante o período seco, verificou-se um maior tempo de residência da água e maior biomassa fitoplanctônica, correlacionados com as maiores concentrações de nutrientes. No período chuvoso foram registrados os menores tempos de residência da água e com as variáveis limnológicas exercendo influência significativa na composição e distribuição da comunidade fitoplanctônica.

Conclusões: Estes resultados sublinham a importância de considerar tanto a sazonalidade quanto a dinâmica hidrológica na gestão e conservação de ecossistemas aquáticos como o reservatório Biritiba Mirim.

Palavras-chave

fitoplâncton; qualidade da água; reservatório; mesotrófico; sazonalidade

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