Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X4224
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Seção Temática: Simpósio de Zooplâncton Neotropical

Microcrustaceans structure determined by the type and trophic state of lakes

Estrutura de microcrustáceos determinada pelo tipo e estado trófico dos lagos

Bharguan Pizzol Nogueira; Camila Moreira-Silva; Thaís Coimbra Marigo; Gilmar Perbiche-Neves

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X4224 Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online), vol.37, e102, 2025
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Abstract

Aim: In this study, we investigated the response of microcrustaceans composition, diversity and abundance (Cladocera and Copepoda) to the lake’s origin (natural and man-made) and trophic state (mesotrophic and eutrophic, with natural eutrophication and artificial eutrophication). We tested the following hypotheses: (I) the increase in the abundance of certain microcrustacean species may indicate a rise in the trophic level; (II) the richness and abundance vary amongst lakes and are higher in the lake with natural eutrophication; and (III) the microcrustaceans abundance is associate with high primary productivity, being higher in the eutrophic environment with artificial eutrophication.

Methods: The study was conducted in a segment of the Paranapanema River basin, in southeastern Brazil, focusing on five lakes spanning an eight-kilometer stretch, to understand the different organisms' responses to distinct conditions of aquatic environments. Sampling was carried out bimonthly over the course of a year.

Results: A principal component analysis (PCA) separated three types of lakes: eutrophic (natural and man-made) to mesotrophic. Additionally, 25 taxa were found. SIMPER analysis filtered six species with more than 70% dissimilarity contribution. Five species exhibited differences amongst the lakes, one species correlated with natural variables as depth. The redundancy analysis associated the Bosminopsis deitersi abundance with man-made eutrophic lakes and with the variables electrical conductivity, phosphorus, nitrogen, chlorophyll-a, and hardness. High abundances of B. deitersi indicated artificial eutrophication especially in man-made lakes, while natural lakes with natural eutrophication were not favorable environments for the increase of B. deitersi abundance.

Conclusions: This study highlights the neotropical oxbow lakes, emphasizing the significance of physicochemical characterization, detailed temporal sampling, and lake classification by origin and trophic level.

Keywords

anthropic impacts; oxbow lakes; Neotropical region; zooplankton

Resumo

Objetivo: Neste estudo, nós investigamos a resposta da composição, diversidade e abundância de microcrustáceos (Cladocera e Copepoda) à origem do lago (natural e artificial) e ao estado trófico (mesotrófico e eutrófico, com eutrofização natural e eutrofização artificial). Testamos as seguintes hipóteses: (I) o aumento na abundância de certas espécies de microcrustáceos pode indicar um aumento no nível trófico; (II) a riqueza e a abundância variam entre os lagos e são maiores no lago com eutrofização natural; e (III) a abundância de microcrustáceos está associada à alta produtividade primária, sendo maior no ambiente eutrófico com eutrofização artificial.

Métodos: O estudo foi realizado em um segmento da bacia do rio Paranapanema, no sudeste do Brasil, com foco em cinco lagos em um trecho de oito quilômetros, para entender as respostas dos diferentes organismos em condições distintas de ambientes aquáticos. A amostragem foi realizada bimestralmente ao longo de um ano.

Resultados: Uma análise de componentes principais (PCA) separou três tipos de lagos: eutróficos (naturais e artificiais) a mesotróficos. Adicionalmente, 25 táxons foram encontrados. A análise SIMPER filtrou seis espécies com mais de 70% de contribuição de dissimilaridade. Cinco espécies apresentaram diferenças entre os lagos, uma espécie correlacionada com variáveis naturais, como profundidade. A análise de redundância associou a abundância de Bosminopsis deitersi com lagos eutróficos artificiais e com as variáveis condutividade elétrica, fósforo, nitrogênio, clorofila-a e dureza. Altas abundâncias de B. deitersi indicaram eutrofização artificial especialmente em lagos artificiais, enquanto lagos naturais com eutrofização natural não foram ambientes favoráveis para o aumento da abundância de B. deitersi.

Conclusões: Este estudo destaca os lagos de meandros neotropicais, enfatizando a importância da caracterização físico-química, da amostragem temporal detalhada e da classificação dos lagos por origem e nível trófico.

Palavras-chave

impactos antrópicos; lagos de meandros; região Neotropical; zooplâncton

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