Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X2621
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Phosphorus sorption potential of natural adsorbent materials from a Brazil semiarid region to control eutrophication

Potencial de sorção de fósforo de materiais adsorventes naturais da região semiárida do Brasil para controle da eutrofização

Fernanda Monicelli; Karina Patrícia Vieira da Cunha; Fabiana Araújo; Vanessa Becker

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Abstract

Abstract:: Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) sorption of three natural P adsorbents (Luvisol, Planosol, and Scheelite tailing) from Brazil’s semiarid region.

Methods: The adsorption tests were done under pH 8 conditions with the natural adsorbents and Lanthanum-Modified Bentonite (LMB). The effect of humic substances on SRP sorption was also tested. For this, Luvisol and Planosol were incinerated to reduce their humic components, and new adsorption tests were done. The effect of adsorbents on water pH was also evaluated.

Results: The SRP sorption potential of the natural adsorbents was high at pH 8. Of the natural adsorbents, Luvisol achieved the highest maximum SRP adsorption capacity (Q) of 17.5 mg g-1, followed by Scheelite tailing (8.3 mg g-1) and Planosol (7.7 mg g-1). Scheelite tailing, Planosol and LMB increased the pH of the water. After treatment to reduce humic substances, Planosol showed a Q of 22.3 mg g-1 while Luvisol produced 11.1mg g-1. Reducing the amount of humic substances potentiated the sorption process in the Planosol. However, the isotherms of untreated Luvisol and treated Planosol have not reached equilibrium and therefore may be overestimated.

Conclusions: The precipitation process was probably the main sorption mechanism, being more expressive than adsorption. Scheelite tailing was the most promising material for eutrophic environments because it is alkaline, calcium-rich, and this capacity will probably remain high under anoxic conditions. It also has a small amount of organic matter and, consequently, contains less humic substances. The quality of the clay present in natural adsorbents was more important than quantity in the sorption process.

Keywords

adsorption tests, clay minerals, humic substances, Langmuir isoterm, mitigation

Resumo

Resumo:: Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o potencial de sorção de fósforo reativo solúvel (FRS) de três adsorventes naturais (Luvisol, Planosol e rejeito de Scheelita) da região semiárida do Brasil.

Métodos: Os testes de adsorção foram realizados sob pH 8, com os adsorventes naturais e com a Bentonita Modificada com Lantânio (BML). O efeito de substâncias húmicas na sorção de FRS também foi testado. Para isso, o Luvisol e o Planosol foram incinerados para redução das substâncias húmicas e novos testes de adsorção foram realizados. O efeito dos adsorventes no pH da água também foi avaliado.

Resultados: O potencial de sorção FRS dos adsorventes naturais foi alto em pH 8. Dos adsorventes naturais, Luvisol atingiu a maior capacidade máxima de adsorção FRS (Q) de 17,5 mg g-1, seguido pelo Rejeito de Scheelita (8,3 mg g-1) e Planosol (7,7 mg g-1). O Rejeito de Scheelita, Planosol e BML aumentaram o pH da água. Após tratamento para redução de substâncias húmicas, Planosol apresentou Q de 22,3 mg g-1 e Luvisol de 11,1 mg g-1. A redução da quantidade de substâncias húmicas potencializou o processo de sorção no Planosol. No entanto, as isotermas do Luvisol não tratado e do planol tratado não atingiram o equilíbrio e, portanto, podem estar superestimadas.

Conclusões: O processo de precipitação foi provavelmente o principal mecanismo de sorção, sendo mais expressivo que a adsorção. O Rejeito de Scheelita foi o material mais promissor para ambientes eutróficos por ser alcalino, rico em cálcio, e essa capacidade provavelmente permanecerá alta em condições anóxicas. Além disso, possui pequena quantidade de matéria orgânica e, conseqüentemente, menos substâncias húmicas. A qualidade da argila presente nos adsorventes naturais foi mais importante do que a sua quantidade no processo de sorção.
 

Palavras-chave

testes de adsorção, minerais de argila, substâncias húmicas, isotermas de Langmuir, mitigação

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Submitted date:
04/09/2021

Accepted date:
10/28/2021

Publication date:
04/28/2022

626a8f43a9539537396fdae3 alb Articles
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Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online)

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