Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X1418
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Day time variations of zooplankton species composition: observations from the wetlands of Assam, India

Variações diurnas da composição das espécies de zooplâncton: observações das áreas úmidas de Assam, Índia

Papia Das; Sulata Kar; Uma Das; Maibam Bimola; Devashish Kar; Gautam Aditya

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Abstract

Abstract: : Aim: An attempt to justify the variations in the species composition of zooplankton over the day time period was made using the freshwater lakes of Assam, India, as a model study area.

Methods: The water bodies were sampled using a conical plankton net five times between 6 am and 6 pm in a day during July 2014. Apart from diversity analysis (SHE analysis), discriminant function analysis and a regression tree were built to justify the variations in the zooplankton species composition in the different time periods in a day.

Results: Repeated sampling during day time indicated the presence of 34 zooplankton species with varied composition over the different time periods. The species richness and abundance of Copepoda, Cladocera and Rotifer differed significantly revealed through the ANOVA (for rotifers – F4, 170 = 28.792; for cladocerans – F4, 170 = 16.343; for copepods - F4, 170 = 9.027). Apparently, the rotifer and copepod abundance was prominent during the early (6am) and late time (6pm) periods of a day while the cladoceran abundance was significant during the middle time periods (12 noon to 3pm) of a day. Variations in the relative abundance of the zooplankton species within a day were sufficient to discriminate the time periods significantly. The regression tree indicated the rotifer abundance (node 1), followed by the cladoceran and the copepod abundances (node 2). The nodes representing cladocerans explained 30.86% of the data while the copepod explained 69.14% data as a split from the rotifer groups.

Conclusions: A correspondence of high and low abundances of rotifers and cladocerans was characteristic of the species composition of the zooplankton in the study area. The variations in the species composition suggests that the zooplankton exhibits movements either in horizontal or vertical directions induced by physical and/or biological factors. Further studies may be adopted to elucidate the effects of the predators and environmental variables that shape the community of the zooplankton in shallow tropical lakes.

Keywords

day time variations, zooplankton, Copepoda, Rotifera, Cladocera

Resumo

Resumo: : Objetivo: Um esforço para esclarecer as variações na composição de espécies de zooplâncton ao longo do dia foi feita utilizando lagos de água doce do Nordeste da Índia, em Assam, como área de estudo modelo.

Métodos: Os corpos de água foram amostrados com uma rede de plâncton cônica cinco vezes, entre 6h e 18h, em um dia de julho de 2014. Além da análise de diversidade (análise RHU), uma análise de função discriminante e uma árvore de regressão foram elaboradas para esclarecer as variações na composição das espécies de zooplâncton em diferentes períodos do dia.

Resultados: Amostras repetidas durante o dia indicaram a presença de 34 espécies de zooplâncton, com composição variada, ao longo dos diferentes períodos de tempo. A riqueza e abundância de espécies de copépodes, cladóceros e rotíferos diferiram significativamente, como demonstrado pela ANOVA (para rotíferos - F4, 170 = 28.792; para cladóceros - F4, 170 = 16.343; para copépodes - F4, 170 = 9.027). A abundância de rotíferos e copépodes foi maior nos períodos inicial (6h) e final (18h) do dia, enquanto a abundância de cladóceros foi significativa nos períodos intermediários (12h às 15h). As variações na abundância relativa das espécies de zooplâncton durante o dia foram suficientes para discriminar os períodos de tempo significativamente. A árvore de regressão indicou a abundância de rotíferos (nó 1), seguida pelas abundâncias de cladóceros e copépodes (nó 2). Os nós representando os cladóceros explicaram 30,86% dos dados, enquanto o de copépodos explicou 69,14% dos dados como uma divisão dos grupos de rotíferos.

Conclusões: Uma correspondência de altas e baixas abundâncias de rotíferos e cladóceros foi uma característica da composição de espécies do zooplâncton na área de estudo. As variações na composição das espécies sugerem que o zooplâncton exibe movimentos tanto horizontais como verticais, induzidos por fatores físicos e/ou biológicos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para elucidar os efeitos de predadores e variáveis ambientais que moldam a comunidade do zooplâncton em lagos tropicais rasos.
 

Palavras-chave

variações diurnas, zooplâncton, Copepoda, Rotifera, Cladocera

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Submitted date:
02/25/2018

Accepted date:
04/13/2020

Publication date:
11/30/2020

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