Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X1123
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

The effects of river impoundment on artisanal fishers in the Middle Tocantins River, Brazil

Os efeitos do represamento fluvial sobre pescadores artesanais no Médio Rio Tocantins, Brasil

Marco Aurélio Alves Santos; Fernando Mayer Pelicice

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Abstract

Abstract:

Aim: The present study investigated the social impacts caused by the construction of a large hydropower dam (Lajeado Dam) on artisanal fishers in the Middle Tocantins River, evaluating how the impoundment affected fishing techniques (locations, transport and gears), operation (income, effort and costs), and fisher’s well-being.

Methods: The study interviewed 30 artisanal fishers (Colony Z-04, Porto Nacional, TO) between August and October 2018 with the application of a structured questionnaire.

Results: Results indicated that fishing is socially important as a source of income and occupation, carried out essentially by men with low levels of formal education. Fishers reported, however, significant changes in the fishery system after the impoundment of the Tocantins River. The main fishing area was maintained, but fishers abandoned some sites. There were significant changes in fishing equipment, with an increase in the use of aluminum boats and outboard engines, and a reduction in the use of various gears, replaced by the use of gillnets. Almost all fishers (96.6%) declared that fishing effort and the financial costs increased after damming. Many also reported an increase in financial income (70%), but part reported a decrease, no change or could not say. The majority reported that the impoundment damaged the fishing activity (80%) and their well-being (individual and their families; 83.3%); dissatisfaction with the profession also increased.

Conclusions: Results indicated that the impoundment created by Lajeado Dam impacted several aspects of artisanal fisheries in the Middle Tocantins, with a wide perception of damage, which indicates that working conditions of fishers have declined. This information is relevant and can support fisheries management in the Tocantins River Basin, in order to balance societal demands with sustainability goals and fisher’s needs.

 

 

 

Keywords

fish fauna, impact, fishery, perception, social

Resumo

Resumo:

Objetivo: O presente estudo investigou os impactos sociais causados pela construção de uma grande barragem hidrelétrica (barragem de Lajeado) sobre os pescadores artesanais que atuam no Médio Rio Tocantins, avaliando como o represamento do rio afetou as técnicas de pesca (locais, transporte e petrechos), sua condução (geração de renda, esforço e custos) e o bem-estar dos pescadores.

Métodos: O estudo entrevistou 30 pescadores artesanais (Colônia Z-04, Porto Nacional, TO) entre agosto e outubro de 2018 com a aplicação de um questionário estruturado.

Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que a pesca tem grande relevância social como fonte de renda e geração de emprego, exercida essencialmente por homens com baixo nível de escolaridade. No entanto, os pescadores relataram mudanças significativas na atividade pesqueira após o represamento do rio Tocantins. A principal área de pesca foi mantida, mas os pescadores abandonaram alguns locais. Houve mudança notável nos equipamentos de pesca, com aumento significativo no uso de barco de alumínio e motor, redução no uso de diversos petrechos, e aumento no emprego de malhadeiras. Quase todos os pescadores (96%) declararam aumento no tempo gasto com a pesca e no custo financeiro envolvido. A maioria também afirmou aumento da renda financeira (70%), embora parte tenha relatado diminuição, ausência de alteração ou não soube dizer. A grande maioria relatou que o represamento prejudicou a atividade pesqueira (80%) e seu bem estar (individual e de sua família; 83.3%); também houve aumento na insatisfação com a profissão.

Conclusões: Os resultados indicaram que o represamento da usina de Lajeado impactou diversos componentes da pesca artesanal no Médio Tocantins, com ampla percepção de prejuízo, o que indica piora nas condições de trabalho dos pescadores. Essas informações são relevantes para o ordenamento e gestão pesqueira na bacia do Rio Tocantins, no intuito de equilibrar as demandas da sociedade com metas de sustentabilidade e necessidades dos pescadores.
 

Palavras-chave

ictiofauna, impacto, pesca, percepção, social

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Submitted date:
02/09/2023

Accepted date:
06/02/2023

Publication date:
07/19/2023

64b80baca953954dda68c0f2 alb Articles
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Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online)

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