Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X0223
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Review Article

Impacts of extreme precipitation events in water quality: a scientometric analysis in global scale

Impactos de eventos extremos de precipitação na qualidade da água: uma análise cienciométrica em escala global

Caio Vitor Matos Moreira; Mariana Rodrigues Amaral da Costa; Vanessa Becker

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Abstract

Aim: This study aims to evaluate temporal patterns of extreme events related to precipitation on a global scale, identifying their main impacts and if there are climatic zones more susceptible to these phenomena using a scientometric approach.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted on scientific papers published between 1991 and July 2020, obtained from the Scopus and Thomson ISI Web of Science databases. Keywords related to precipitation extreme events and their effects on planktonic communities and freshwater ecosystems' water quality were used in the search.

Results: The analysis revealed a significant increase in publications, particularly from 2014 onwards, following the release of reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the American Meteorological Society (AMS). These reports highlighted the increasing frequency of these climatic events and their potential for causing damage to humanity. In this review, we focused on extreme weather events related to precipitation such as droughts, rains, and floods. These events, due to their sudden volumetric changes, lead to immediate physical and chemical alterations in the water column. The main impacts of these extreme events on aquatic ecosystems include increased nutrient concentrations (mainly phosphorus and nitrogen), contamination by micropollutants, cyanobacteria blooms, and loss of biodiversity.

Conclusions: The scientometric analysis indicates that extreme weather events associated with precipitation have a detrimental effect on water quality and aquatic biodiversity, exacerbating the eutrophication process in freshwater systems.

Keywords

climate change, drought, storms, rainfall, eutrophication

Resumo

Objetivo: Encontrar padrões temporais dos eventos extremos relacionados a precipitação em escala global, assim identificar os principais impactos e se há zonas climáticas suscetíveis a esses fenômenos em uma abordagem cienciométrica.

Métodos: Realizamos uma revisão sistemática investigando trabalhos científicos publicados entre 1991 até julho de 2020 nas bases de dados Scopus e Thomson ISI Web of Science. Buscamos por palavras-chave relacionadas a eventos extremos de precipitação e efeitos sobre a comunidade planctônica e a qualidade da água de ecossistemas aquáticos continentais.

Resultados: Observamos um aumento expressivo de publicações, especialmente a partir de 2014 após a publicação de relatórios do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC) e Sociedade Americana de Meteorologia (AMS), apontando a tendência de crescimento de frequência desses eventos climáticos e o potencial de danos a humanidade. Nesta revisão escolhemos os eventos climáticos extremos relacionados à precipitação (secas, chuvas e inundações), que promovem uma variação volumétrica abrupta que imediatamente causa alterações físicas e químicas na coluna d'água. Como principais impactos desses eventos extremos nos ecossistemas aquáticos encontramos aumento da concentração de nutrientes (principalmente fósforo e nitrogênio), contaminação por micropoluentes, florações de cianobactérias e perda de biodiversidade.

Conclusões: A análise cienciométrica revelou que eventos climáticos extremos relacionados à precipitação geram impactos negativos na qualidade da água e na biodiversidade aquática, intensificando o processo de eutrofização em sistemas aquáticos continentais.
 

Palavras-chave

mudanças climáticas, secas, tempestades, chuvas, eutrofização

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Submitted date:
01/10/2023

Accepted date:
06/21/2023

Publication date:
07/21/2023

64ba8c6aa9539531f95a3442 alb Articles
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