Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://actalb.org/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X0122
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Eutrophication changes community composition and drives nestedness of benthic diatoms from coastal streams

A eutrofização altera a composição da comunidade e leva ao aninhamento de diatomáceas bentônicas em riachos costeiros

Ana Paula Tavares Costa; Emanuela Castro; Cássia Fernanda Martins da Silva; Fabiana Schneck

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Abstract

Abstract:: Aim: We evaluated changes in periphyton biomass and the composition of benthic diatom communities along a gradient of urbanization in 10 coastal streams located on the coastal plain of southernmost Brazil.

Methods: At each coastal stream, we obtained limnological variables and periphytic material from the stolon of the aquatic macrophyte Hydrocotyle ranunculoides for further analyses of chlorophyll a and diatoms.

Results: Total phosphorus was the only limnological variable selected by the statistical models, showing a positive relationship with periphyton biomass and a negative relationship with diatom species richness in these streams. Species composition (for both presence-absence and abundance data) was also explained by total phosphorus. Further, we observed a nested distribution of diatom species along the streams, in which poorer communities of streams with higher concentrations of phosphorous are subsets of richer communities from streams with lower concentrations of the nutrient.

Conclusions: Our study shows that water quality modifications caused by eutrophication are leading to the loss of species and changes in the structure of biological communities in ecotones such as coastal streams.

Keywords

gradient of urbanization, washouts, lotic ecosystem, ecotones, Brazil

Resumo

Resumo:: Objetivo: Avaliamos as mudanças na biomassa do perifíton e na composição das comunidades de diatomáceas bentônicas ao longo de um gradiente de urbanização em 10 riachos costeiros localizados na planície costeira do extremo sul do Brasil.

Métodos: Em cada riacho coletamos variáveis limnológicas e o material perifítico do estolão da macrófita aquática Hydrocotyle ranunculoides para posterior análises de clorofila a e de diatomáceas.

Resultados: Fósforo total foi a única variável limnológica selecionada pelos modelos, mostrando uma relação positiva com a biomassa e negativa com a riqueza de espécies de diatomáceas nesses riachos. A composição de espécies (para dados de presença e ausência e de abundância) também foi explicada pelas concentrações de fósforo total. Além disso, observamos uma distribuição aninhada de espécies ao longo dos riachos, de forma que as comunidades mais pobres de riachos com maiores concentrações de fósforo são subconjuntos de comunidades mais ricas com menores concentrações do nutriente.

Conclusões: Evidenciamos em nosso estudo que as modificações na qualidade da água causadas pela eutrofização estão levando à perda de espécies e mudanças na estrutura de comunidades em ecótonos como os riachos costeiros.
 

Palavras-chave

gradiente de urbanização, sangradouros, ecossistema lótico, ecótonos, Brasil

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Submitted date:
01/04/2022

Accepted date:
05/11/2022

Publication date:
06/01/2022

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